{"id":1854,"date":"2026-01-13T23:11:20","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T22:11:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/?p=1854"},"modified":"2026-01-13T23:11:20","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T22:11:20","slug":"seminarski-rad-27","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/2026\/01\/13\/seminarski-rad-27\/","title":{"rendered":"Seminarski rad"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Ukratko o meni<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zovem se Nemanja Markovi\u0107, dolazim iz Zemuna. Zavr\u0161io sam ETS Nikola Tesla u Beogradu, smer elektronika. Interesujem se za fotografiju i video, zbog \u010dega sam i upisao ovaj smer. Tako\u0111e se interesujem za ko\u0161arku i automobile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"951\" height=\"952\" src=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/IMG-96639af4d7e9c29f4ba46c9147573d7a-V-edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1875\" style=\"width:329px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/IMG-96639af4d7e9c29f4ba46c9147573d7a-V-edited.jpg 951w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/IMG-96639af4d7e9c29f4ba46c9147573d7a-V-edited-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/IMG-96639af4d7e9c29f4ba46c9147573d7a-V-edited-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/IMG-96639af4d7e9c29f4ba46c9147573d7a-V-edited-768x769.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 951px) 100vw, 951px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Tema iz oblasti informacionih tehnologija koje su me najvi\u0161e zainteresovale<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Hardver ra\u010dunara<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Ova lekcija mi se najvi\u0161e svidela jer sam nau\u010dio \u010demu slu\u017ee osnovne komponente ra\u010dunara i kako funkcioni\u0161u. Ova lekcija mi je pomogla da bolje razumem kako ra\u010dunar radi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Memorija<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Sadr\u017eaj:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Uvod<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Unutra\u0161nja memorija (RAM, ROM, ke\u0161)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Spolja\u0161nja memorija (hard disk, fle\u0161 disk, opti\u010dki disk)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zaklju\u010dak<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Literatura<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Uvod<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Memorija je predvi\u0111ena za \u010duvanje podataka i naredbi programa koje se izvr\u0161avaju u procesoru. &nbsp;Prema mestu na kom se nalaze memorija se deli na:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Primarnu (unutra\u0161nja memorija): RAM,\u00a0 ROM i CACHE (ke\u0161). \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sekundarnu (spoljna memorija): Hard disk, Opti\u010dki disk, Fle\u0161 disk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kapacitet memorije izra\u017eavamo u bajtovima B, kilobajtima\u00a0 KB, megabajtima MB, gigabajtovima GB i terabajtima TB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Unutra\u0161nja memorija<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Unutra\u0161nja memorija slu\u017ei za povremeno \u010duvanje programa i podataka dok je ra\u010dunar uklju\u010den.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">RAM(slika 1.1.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">RAM je skra\u0107enica od Random Access Memory \u0161to se mo\u017ee prevesti kao memorija sa proizvoljnim pristupom . To zna\u010di da svaki bajt memorije ima adresu i da se kori\u0161\u0107enjem adrese njegov sadr\u017eaj mo\u017ee pro\u010ditati, ali i izmeniti upisom drugog podataka. RAM se \u010desto naziva operativna memorija jer je se u njoj nalazi program \u010dije je izvr\u0161enje u toku, kao i podaci koji su neophodni za njegovo izvr\u0161avanje. Kako procesor ra\u010dunara ima neposredan pristup ka svim informacijama koje se nalaze u operativnoj memoriji, on mo\u017ee izvr\u0161avati naredbe programa koji se u njoj nalaze, koriste\u0107i podatke koji se tako\u0111e moraju nalaziti u operativnoj memoriji. U ovu memoriju se sme\u0161taju me\u0111urezultati i rezultati koji se dobijaju izvr\u0161avanjem programa. RAM memorija je energozavisna, \u0161to zna\u010di da se prestankom napajanja elektri\u010dne energije njen se sadr\u017eaj gubi. Aplikacije se u toku izvr\u0161avanje moraju nalaziti u RAM memoriji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ram.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1948\" style=\"width:361px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ram.webp 1000w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ram-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ram-150x150.webp 150w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/ram-768x768.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Sika 1.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">ROM(slika 1.2.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">ROM je skra\u0107enica od Read Only Memory\u00a0 memorija samo za \u010ditanje. Ova memorija razlikuje se od RAM memorije po tome \u0161to se upis informacija u ROM vr\u0161i samo jedanput i to od strane proizvo\u0111a\u010da, nakon toga sadr\u017eaj ove memorije se mo\u017ee samo \u010ditati. Sadr\u017eaj ROM memorije se ne gubi prestankom elektri\u010dnog napajanja. Upis sadr\u017eaja u ROM je onemogu\u0107en da bi se spre\u010dilo slu\u010dajno ili namerno o\u0161te\u0107enje njegovog sadr\u017eaja, u njemu se nalaze va\u017eni i \u010desto kori\u0161\u0107eni servisni programi koji pri uklju\u010divanju ra\u010dunara obavljaju testiranje njegovih komponenti. U ROM-u se nalazi i kompleks programa koji obrazuju bazni ulazno-izlazni sistem ili skra\u0107eno BIOS\u00a0 bese input output system. On obavlja \u010desto kori\u0161\u0107enje operacije razmene podataka izme\u0111u tastature, monitora i operativne memorije. U ROM-u se nalazi i program \u010diji je zadatak po\u010detno punjenje operativnog sistema iz spolja\u0161nje memorije. Operativni sistem je skup programa koji omogu\u0107ava lako i efikasno kori\u0161\u0107enje raspolo\u017eivih tehni\u010dkih i programskih resursa ra\u010dunara. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-right:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--20);margin-left:0\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"678\" src=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/rom-1024x678.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1956\" style=\"width:462px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/rom-1024x678.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/rom-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/rom-768x508.jpg 768w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/rom.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Slika 1.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Ke\u0161 memorija<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Cache memorija\u00a0 (ke\u0161 memorija) je sastavni deo procesora koristi se za ubrzavanje pristupa RAM memoriji, kapacitet ke\u0161 memorije je manji od RAM-a. U ke\u0161 memoriji se nalaze podaci iz RAM memorije\u00a0 kojima naj\u010de\u0161\u0107e pristupamo.Na slici 1.3. prikazan je polo\u017eaj ke\u0161 memorije u memorijskom sistemu ra\u010dunara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"198\" src=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Blank-diagram-Page-1-1-1-1024x198.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2001\" srcset=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Blank-diagram-Page-1-1-1-1024x198.png 1024w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Blank-diagram-Page-1-1-1-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Blank-diagram-Page-1-1-1-768x148.png 768w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Blank-diagram-Page-1-1-1-1536x297.png 1536w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/Blank-diagram-Page-1-1-1-2048x396.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Slika 1.3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Spolja\u0161nja memorija<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Spolja\u0161na memorija slu\u017ei za trajno skladi\u0161tenje podataka i programa. Ima ve\u0107i kapacitet od unutra\u0161nje memorije. Spolja\u0161nja memorija je elektronezavisna jer se informacije koje se na njoj nalaze ne\u0107e izgubiti sa prestankom napajanja ra\u010dunara elektri\u010dnom strujom.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Hard disk(slika 2.1.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hard disk je ugra\u0111en u ku\u0107i\u0161te ra\u010dunara uloga mu je da \u010duva podatke i programe, br\u017ei je i ima ve\u0107i kapacitet od ostalih spoljnih memorija.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/hard-drive-2.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2038\" style=\"width:331px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/hard-drive-2.webp 512w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/hard-drive-2-300x230.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Slika 2.1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Fle\u0161 diskovi(slika 2.2.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Fle\u0161 diskovi su veoma popularni za \u010duvanje informacija zbog malih dimenzija, niske cene i jednostavnosti upotrebe. Kapacitet im je u rasponu\u00a0 od 16GB pa sve do 1TB i vi\u0161e. Kada se ra\u010dunaru priklju\u010de posredstvom USB porta operativni sistem ih lako prepoznaje. Za razliku od hard diska koje je neprenosiv osim eksternih hard diskova, kada se zavr\u0161i rad na ra\u010dunaru flash disk mo\u017ee da se izvadi iz porta i ako je potrebno priklju\u010di na drugi ra\u010dunar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-right:0;margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-left:0\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"734\" height=\"489\" src=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-edited.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2042\" style=\"width:213px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-edited.webp 734w, https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/3-edited-300x200.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 734px) 100vw, 734px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Slika 2.2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Opti\u010dki diskovi<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Razli\u010dite vrste opti\u010dkih diskova razlikuju se po kapacitetu, brzini i mogu\u0107nosti upisa podataka.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CD (Compact Disk) &#8211; Kapacitet je oko 650 MB do 700 MB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) &#8211; Standardni jednoslojni DVD ima kapacitet od 4.7 GB, a dvoslojni diskovi i do 8.5 GB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">BD (Blu-ray) &#8211; Kapacitet jednoslojnog diska je od 25GB, a dvoslojnog do 50GB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Zaklju\u010dak<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Memorija nam je jedna od najva\u017enijih ra\u010dunarskih komponenti jer zbog nje mo\u017eemo da \u010duvamo podatke.\u0160to je memorija kvalitetnija i ve\u0107a to omogu\u0107ava br\u017ei i bolji rad ra\u010dunara.Dana\u0161nji ra\u010dunari mogu da obrade velike koli\u010dine informacija, zbog brzog razvoja tehnologije memorija se stalno unapre\u0111uje.U budu\u0107nosti se o\u010dekuje dalji razvoj memorijskih ure\u0111aja, sa ve\u0107im kapacitetom, ve\u0107om brzinom i boljom efikasno\u0161\u0107u<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-large-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Literatura<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ra\u010dunarstvi i informatika za prvi razred srednje \u0161kole &#8211; Milan \u010cabarkapa<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Nemanja Markovi\u0107 AVT &#8211; 43\/25<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ukratko o meni Zovem se Nemanja Markovi\u0107, dolazim iz Zemuna. Zavr\u0161io sam ETS Nikola Tesla u Beogradu, smer elektronika. Interesujem se za fotografiju i video, zbog \u010dega sam i upisao ovaj smer. Tako\u0111e se interesujem za ko\u0161arku i automobile. Tema iz oblasti informacionih tehnologija koje su me najvi\u0161e zainteresovale Hardver ra\u010dunara Ova lekcija mi se [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1854","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nekategorizovano"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1854","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1854"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1854\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2087,"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1854\/revisions\/2087"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1854"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1854"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/e-learn2.viser.edu.rs\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1854"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}